Third report - Pioneer Project - December 3 - 7, 1999
By Ana Cristina Camargo
Translated by Gabriel (no formatting)
Researches done by the
students in this stage
Environmental aspects of Mars
- The thermal variation is also caused by the absence of water in the
atmosphere, as in a desert THE Martian atmospheric pressure the one is equal of
less than 1% of the Terrestrial, that it is not also possible of water in the
state I liquidate.
Data Earth Mars
Duration of one day (hours) 24:00 24:37
Duration of one year (days) 365 687
Atmospheric pressure (%) 100 0.7
Gravity (%) 100 35
Diameter (Km) 12758 6788
Distance of the Sun (million of Km) 150 228
(without research reference on the part of the student)
- Composition of the atmosphere of Mars: CO2 - 95.3; N2 - 2.7; argon - 1.6
- Winds to 40 m/s x 3,6 = 144 Km / h is beginning to like of usina eólica!
(reference: <http://www.exploringmars.org/science/ataglance.html>)
Problems in low pressure
Some problems that happen in the humans due to low pressure:
¬ calcium escapes from the urine, affecting the bony structure;
¬ escape of the blood for the superior part of the body, amolecendo the
muscles, due to low pressure and the movement lack (exercises in bicycles ergométricas
can be a solution);
¬ depending on `Movimentação ` of the inhabitants, (if she goes little), it
can happen the decrease of need of oxygen and the decrease of red globules in
the blood (8 to 20%);
¬ until the stomach to get used with the low pressure, the inhabitants will
feel nausea and tontura (as c was in a ship in agitated sea)
- there is the lengthening of the column, of 2 to 4 cm, but that cannot be
considered a disadvantage or advantage... ?
(Without research reference on the part of the student)
Nuclear energy
In 1957 it escapes radioactivity of a English usina placed in the city of
Liverpool. Only in 1983 the British government would admit that at least 39
people died from cancer, due to the radioactivity liberated in the accident.
Secret documents recently disclosed they indicate that at least four nuclear
accidents happened in United Kingdom in the end of the decade of 50.
· In September of 1957, a radioactivity leak in the Russian usina of
Tcheliabinski contaminates 270 thousand people.
· In December of 1957, the superaquecimento of a tank for residues nuclear
cause an explosion that liberates composed radioactive in an area of 23 thousand
km2. More than 30 small communities, in an area of 1.200 km², they were
scratched out of the map in the old Soviet Union and 17.200 people were
evacuated. A report of 1992 informed that 8.015 people had already died until
that year due to the effects of the accident.
· In January of 1961, three operators of an experimental reactor in United
States die due to the high radiation.
· In October of 1966, the bad operation of the system of refrigeration of an
usina of Detroit causes the partial melting of the nucleus of the reactor.
· In January of 1969, the bad operation of the soda used in an experimental
reactor in Switzerland, floods of radioactivity the underground cave in that
this he/she met. The cave was sealed.
· In March of 1975, a fire reaches an usina nuclear American of Alabama,
burning the electric controls and making to lower the volume of resfriamento
water of the reactor at dangerous levels.
· In March of 1979, the American usina of Three Mile Island, in Pennsylvania,
is stage of the worst nuclear accident registered until then, when the soda loss
was part of the nucleus of the reactor to melt.
· In February of 1981, eight American workers are polluted, when about 100
thousand gallons of radioactive soda they drain of a building of storage of the
product.
· In January of 1986, a cylinder of nuclear material burns after to have been
unaware heated up in an usina of Oklahoma, United States.
· In April of 1986 happens the largest nuclear accident of the history (up to
now), when it explodes one of the four reactors of the Soviet nuclear usina of
Chernobyl, throwing in the atmosphere a radioactive cloud of a hundred million
curies (level of radiation 6 million of times adult than what had escaped from
the usina of Three Mile Island), covering the whole center-south of Europe. Half
of the volatile radioactive substances that existed in the nucleus of the
reactor they were thrown in the atmosphere (mainly iodine and cesium). Ukraine,
Bielorússia and the west of Russia were reached by a radioactive precipitation
of more than 50 tons. The authorities informed at that time that 31 people died,
200 were wounded and 135 thousand close inhabitants to the usina had to abandon
its houses. Those numbers would be shown later absurdly distant of the reality,
as he/she will see him further on.
· In June of 1996 a leak of nuclear of Córdoba radioactive material of a
central one, Argentina, that contaminates the system of drinkable water of the
usina happens.
· In March of 1997, an explosion in an usina of processing of nuclear fuel in
the city of Tokai, Japan, contaminates 35 employees with radioactivity.
· In May of 1997, an explosion in a deposit of the Unit of Processing of
Plutonium of the Nuclear Reservation Hanford, in United States, liberates
radioactivity in the atmosphere (the bomb play on the city of Nagasaki in Second
World War was built with the plutonium produced in Hanford).
· In July of 1997, the nuclear reactor of Angra 1, in Brazil, it is turned off
by defect in a valve. According to physical Luiz Pinguelli Rosa, it was " a
problem similar to the happened in the usina of Three Mile Island ", in
United States, in 1979.
The bad use done of the nuclear energy, so much for " peaceful " ends
as for military use, he/she became perhaps a " curse " for the
humanity. To that respect, he/she tells Roselis von Sass in its work THE Book of
the Final Judgement:
" Everything was given to the humanity. Likewise the key for that
inexhaustible source of energy. Rich blessings coulded not she to have picked,
if he/she/it had not always placed and always again against the Will of God.
Thus, the atomic energy will also contribute to the purification in the
judgement ".
However everything that is written above can be disrespected if we take as base
countries as France whose electric potential is fruit of the constant work of
the nuclear usinas.
(without research reference on the part of the student)
Settlers
- Which nationalities?
- In my opinion, if there is a colony it should be an initiative and
collaboration of all the countries that find this project of some relevance...
Another form would be the private initiative even to finance, therefore the
propaganda around a project of this dimension is enormous. And with the
mentality globalizada of the private companies it would guarantee a good
diversity of colonists, what is important for the own colony...
- The countries q finance the colonization evidently they will want the
colonists to be citizens of its countries.. It is difficult to choose 100 people
that ñ enters in conflict living separately, that it is necessary that those
people go by a battery of physical and psychological tests. I thought that could
be done in two stages. In the first the governments of the participant countries
would choose the volunteers, and soon after they would go by several tests.
Selected them they would go later on by new battery of tests that of this time
they would not be elaborated by an only country, but for a commission formed by
representatives of all the participant nations. He/she gave way the people's of
different countries chances they enter in in conflict it decreases enough.
- I find preoccupying to take only American... we needed to have certain
diversity in the colony to maintain a healthy atmosphere... In this I do place
an information ...Vocês they knew that the Americans are the most favorable the
psychological surtos, could attack the own society in what they live? The
Americans living practically in a society stable he/she doesn't have the same
concerns and needs that other people in another countries have... And to fill
this space of its lives (in spite of being difficult to believe, a life without
problems is not that good), they channel this aggressiveness potential (common
in all us) for superfluous and dangerous things... Fact, the USA are one of the
countries with the largest chacinas rate and suicides.
- Children and old in the colony?
- Firstly, I think would be a great mistake the children's shipping to Mars.
Don't they still have the mind, ideas and formed moral identity, therefore the
impact would take them the madness you don't agree?
In my opinion, the correct would be that in a first moment they would be
correspondents only adults and that the children should be been born there, like
this, there would be the people's formation entirely with minds Martians gone
back to the resolution of internal problems with more effectiveness without
interference of the culture terráquea.
- As the colony it is permanent, it cannot only have adults in her. It is
necessary that the population is the same the one of a country with stable
vegetative growth (about 2,1 children for woman). He/she has there to be old and
children besides adults between 18 and 60 years. It would be good to take
families instead of isolated individuals. Of there the adaptation would be
easier.
- Yes!!! Children could adapt easier to the Martian atmosphere. Besides smaller
citizens are not considered in any society and they cannot vote what would
facilitate the work of the Assembly (in case it is this chosen government's
system) that could count with a I number much smaller than 100 people.
- In my opinion, to facilitate the inhabitants' adaptation the conditions of the
colony, most of the people should be very young. Young couples with 1 or 2
children would be very interesting. Those couples should be of the most varied
parts of the world, due to biological factors. The times it is possible a
certain pathological agent it is only developed in a certain race. It is that
race it is only in the colony, they will be everybody decimated!
- I think the children should be generated there same, the problems of longing
of the homeland would be like this minimum for that new Martian "
generation ". He/she is the other adult colonists they should go single or
married but that don't still possess children, exactly for they kill not the
parents of longings.
- " Putz face ", you made me to move of idea. Would children really
adapt more easily the Martian life of the one what the adults, but would not it
be dangerous if that the traumatizassem?
- I find advisable to take children, some 10, daughters of the other ones 90,
because that already eliminates also the longing that that parents will have,
remind that don't want súper soldiers settlers. Or then to take couples and
" to generate " the children there.
- I also think a lot of children coulded not traumatizar... but and the adults?
What would impede them of if traumatizarem with the new atmosphere?
- A new race?
- It is not our pretense to create a new race, but we cannot discard that a
colony in this atmosphere can suffer several selection types or same
mutations... Set different, different soil, influences different solares,
different atmosphere... Several factors be she observed and studied...
- Psychological aspect / emotional:
- Today I was visiting the exhibition of the Space Station in the Biennial...
and well... I hope the habitations of the colony have more comfort than that.
Because at least me (as well as others that I saw there) he/she would not
tolerate to live in a place as that for a long time. And I think habitations of
that type would contribute a lot for they appear the psychological problems of
many.
- We should take specialists of the Earth to take care on the emotional side.
Priests, psychologists, thing and such they should also go to Mars.
- If you want the people not to be killed (the exaggeration of my part), he/she
should stay the temperature in a pleasant level... 24 to 27 degrees...
psychological experiences accomplished with people of all the types in climatic
rooms proved that the people tend to be more nervous and impatient in extreme
climates... that and a problem complicated myth. (without reference of the
research done on the part of the student)
- I find we should trust above all in the very strong emotional training that
these people will suffer before leaving.
- The professions
- Each participant country of the project would order a certain amount of
families, however, it would be necessary that cultures conflitantes didn't
embark in that project, and if they wanted to embark, they would have to solve
its conflicts here in the Earth. The professions would be made by the most
brilliant minds of each country, all the countries would have to order at least
a professional of each area. It is worth to stand out that the professionals
would have to be multidisciplinados, because that would be important in a case
of emergency. The those professionals' choice would be made by a battery of
psychological and physical exams of each country, and later the chosen of each
country would go by other test, of that time, done by a federation of countries.
General organization of the colony
1. Atmosphere: similar to the one of the Earth or of Mars?
- To avoid that the people feel without individuality, it is necessary that the
people's rooms are a little individualized. It would be good if the inhabitants
did a type of project of its rooms before leaving. The people will miss its life
in the Earth, that he/she has there to be things that make them to remember of
here, as winds trees, etc. THE vial could be colored blue internamente, to
remind the sky.
- In a first plan, we should worry to create again in the best possible way a
biosphere similar to the one of the Earth, so that it is livened up the problems
of the colonists' adaptation and leave them more comfortable with the new
situation of life of them...
- As the vial, I think should be similar to the terrestrial landscape to
decrease the impact in the colonists. Long term, they will just adapt the
Martian landscape looking at for the janelas(suponho that there will be
windows), and slowly, they will go getting used.
- I find advisable to maintain the characteristics of Mars, because, since it is
long term, the humans need to adapt the different characteristics.
- Really, Mars could be a good exit when the Horsemen of the Apocalypse arrive
the Earth. But I agree with Gabriel some characteristics of Mars they should be
maintained. It can be a very stupid analogy that that I will do, but he/she
leaves for there: I would compare the people living in that it sets, so
artificial, with those fish that live super in fishbowls decorated (with algae
of plastic, it sands, etc.). The atmosphere can imitate to the maximum the
natural habitat, but we are you be rational (I find) and we would know how to
differentiate, for example, an artificial sky (colored) of a true one (static).
Still more not " tends a gravity very smaller Mars he/she would deceive
" nobody that already lived in the Earth. Although the fish should also
feel that are out of its atmosphere...
Rethinking the objectives of the project starting from the discussions on the
atmosphere:
- He/she was also thinking of the subject, and me it ends (my private vision)
that the objective of the project would not only be to do with that 100 people
went to Mars without problems (same wanting that, the " faces " have
people with very more access to information than we...), but in fact they are
wanting that we contemplate in the problems and in the advantages of the society
nowadays (from environmental to social) and, based on that, we can be better `Cidadãos
`. The one that I am speaking seems to be a lot of style `Polyanna `, but I
believe that the people's objective that you/they set up that project was it of
social reflection, it proves of that it is the focus the politics, culture, etc.
Discovering the human needs and researching a middle of acquiring them out of
the earth, it is a creative way of doing with that the young population of
larger importance the same ones...
- Well I was thinking... which would the purpose of a colony be in Mars if that
went equal to Earth (with winds, rains, blue sky, etc.)? I can be deceived (what
is not difficult) but I imagine that the objective of a colony in Mars would be
to analyze the human behavior with relationship to " situations " and
different atmospheres. Otherwise why to spend billion ordering 100 people to
Mars if such colony could be made here in the land of the corner?
2. Fontes of energy
- But the one what will we make Palmieri, will it allot the planet with usinas
solares? Will it be that them weather vane will get to thaw all that water? We,
needed an energy that doesn't depend on another factors, because, as somebody
spoke, excuse, I don't remember who, the storms of sand detonate the panels
solares, or, more interesting, he covers the sun. Which the type of energy that
we have ourselves that can be considered " solemnity-sufuciente "? The
termelétrica and the nuclear - THE termelétrica needs, even so, of gas or of
petroleum. It only remains the nuclear, I know that it is dangerous, but it is
the only that has possible up to now, like Japan, that has few resources, he/she
gets to survive with them. Or then, we will use Hidrelétricas!
- The reason for which usinas of nuclear coalition doesn't still exist is
necessary an initial energy to begin the process and because it is difficult to
contain the atoms of hydrogen in fields eletromagnéticos and because it is
difficult to control the energy. But several groups already exist working in
that and some was already made progress. It is very possible that the coalition
has already been controlled it ties 2030. (they lack research references)
- To place, for example, the bombs d`água and an usina that feeds them and make
to melt the water to its side in a vial, and another one more distant, with a
system of trains that you/they tie the two, but I don't discard the idea of
having some usinas eólicas and solar. It is waited in the case of a fall of the
nuclear usina, they to tolerate at least to do a replacement.
- We needed an energy that doesn't depend on another factors, because, as
somebody spoke, excuse, I don't remember who, the storms of sand detonate the
panels solares, or, more interesting, he covers the sun. Which the type of
energy that we have ourselves that can be considered " solemnity-sufuciente
"? The termelétrica and the nuclear - THE termelétrica needs, even so, of
gas or of petroleum. It only remains the nuclear, I know that it is dangerous,
but it is the only that has possible up to now, like Japan, that has few
resources, he/she gets to survive with them.
- In my opinion, the nuclear usina can be a plausible option since the necessary
measures are taken to assure the 100 human beings life that there will live. I
think should work with the technology that we have in the moment, that is to
say, not to do forecasts because these most of the time are far away from being
correct. We didn't get nor to get right the forecast of the time tomorrow. For
so much, to mine to see, the use of technologies as usina of nuclear coalition
and teletransporte should be forgotten in the current moment.
3. Government type
- Ideal government's form would be a direct democracy as in Athens in Old
Greece, because the number of inhabitants in Mars would be very small. Another
form of viable government would be it centralized in an only person, but that
person would have to follow a code of ethical more rigid and eventually it could
be substituted by bad conduct and those things.
- As there are only 100 people in the colony, it would be possible to have a
direct democracy as in Athens, where the citizens met and they voted lifting the
hand. The same system could be used if it was developed a little more. For
example if 49% go against a thing and 51% it goes in favor it would be good if
there were more discussions to approve the proposal.
4. Trade
- If you think him I trade it is good to have comfort, to develop the economy,
to generate employments, to have access to a thing that you don't produce and to
change something that you have in excess. Of these problems, only q will be
inevitable it is it of the comfort. If the settlers have the maximum of comfort
q it is viable, there won't be reason there to be I trade or money. The goods
would be distributed in agreement with the need of each one.
5. Feeding
- I suggest a food that gathers all the necessary nutrients. That is to say, a
human ration. It is much easier of carrying, to store and etc and such.
- If the colonists' meals were tasty and " pretty " as the ones of
here, I think the sentimental problems of longing would be very reduced. So that
there is praticidade, I suggest instead of those gororobas that you/they order
to the space, eaten that saw once in the TV: they were produced for the American
army in the case of war, they are simple sacks of several " different
plates " that he/she has the taste and very tasty smell, and the best is
that you just heat them wetting the sack on the outside, a type of reaction
chemical exotérmica that heats the sack happens and consequently the food.
- THE victuals transgênicos cannot really adapt to the Martian soils ...mas we
cannot for the hand in the fire that the non transgênicos will go ...eu I am
also against the consumption of such, but we have to see the
needs of nutrients that the marte inhabitants will have ...Numa research, I read
that in low pressure a qrande loss of calcium exists. will that amount have ...mas
of course to be restored it would be very better, mine to see, if they were
restored by normal victuals ...mas if he/she doesn't give....?
- The human rations would be much more practical, it is clear. But it is obvious
that anyone would prefer a macarronada of the ninth. It is that don't know we
can have fruits, vegetables, green vegetables etc and such, at least in the
beginning. A short term solution would be those foods of astronauts that teacher
Cristiana spoke. Logically nobody will tolerate a long time that " gororoba
", but for who doesn't have anything to eat until that breaks the branch.
With relationship to the victuals trangênicos, I am against their use. Even if
is here in the Earth. They can produce more and they be more nutritious, but I
have mine you doubt as the adaptation of them to the soil and Martian
conditions. The trangênicos is genetically altered in agreement with the
terrestrial characteristics. I think the natural plants have larger chances of
adapting.
- The laws
- I think the colony should have total autonomy of laws, and if they think a law
terráquea is unnecessary, her break should be immediate. Why vc should that
think that there is you vary antagonistic laws for the world... I am
thinking of formulating an adaptation of the Greek Democracy, a direct democracy
and with the participation of everybody, being the rotative positions and the
thoughts of Montesquieu... A thing that is very dangerous and that should be
avoided to the maximum and the presence of one it polices or I exercise... In a
colony of 100 people they should be sufficiently responsible for its acts,
without having to have an external pressure... The presence of one polices it
would just cart in a type of pressure besides being a very big bale for a
policeman to exercise... The city owes yes, to have an ethical advice so that it
discusses the daily problems and find a way to solve them with the contribution
of the whole society.
- It would be interesting they already leave of here with a code pré-drifted by
them; but if it goes a Direct Democracy this laws or codes would be constantly
in reformulação and discussion... You already heard to speak of the English
juridical system... There it is called system of traditions... There is not a
specific code, but yes a group of traditions that you/they are respected... That
would also help to maintain a certain responsibility, because that would avoid
several bureaucratic discussions and it would maintain the population under the
perspective that everybody should give its best to maintain the colony and that
they should be respected and to execute with its obligations for the own
survival...
- Code of laws: The code of laws would have to be done by an assembly, and that
assembly would be constituted by each representative of a such group, that
representative it coulded not it would be evaluated by its group and for the
community, if it didn't execute the obligations it would be cut.
6. The construction of the vial
- As the subject of the dilation of the glass vial, that would hardly result in
an empty space of 1cm, this and second problem my father (civil engineer). There
are materials now whose the mastique (elastic material the poliuretano base) and
the synthetic rubber that theoretically would hinder the vial of the Martian
atmosphere. I said that this was not almost a problem, because it is not known
for sure if these own ones material they would resist to such temperature
differences.
- Two vials:
First: The colony in itself, usinas eólicas and solares feeds survival systems,
computers, lazer and what goes.
Monday: Nuclear Usina JUST supplying energy for the bombs of water (since they
are necessary 3,2 GW) she thaws the water and he/she sends it the colony.
Among them: a system of communications, about a train or meter, also covered by
a vial, he will make the communication he/she enters the two. That idea already
leaves the safest colony of a nuclear accident and also help in the problem of
the temperature.
Sites indicated in this period
<http://www.iau.org/environ.html>
IAU - International Astronomical Union
<http://www.exploringmars.org/science/ataglance.html>
Data on Mars.
<http://info.uibk.ac.at/c/c7/c704/qo/photon/_teleport/index.html>
Teletransportes.
<http://www.discovery.com/indep/newsfeatures/marspolar/marspolar.html>
Polar Mars Lander:
http://www.discovery.com/indep/newsfeatures/marspolar/map.html#top
<http://www.discovery.com/indep/newsfeatures/marspolar/map.html>
Survival in extreme conditions.
<http://www.pbs.org/saf/5_cool/5_mir
/>
Glimpses of American astronaut in Mir.
<http://bvsd.k12.co.us/schools/BHS/science/physics/reference/measured/expansion.html>
Environmental conditions of Mars.
Questions done in this period
1. Should it have a difference in the rate of absorption of oxygen in the plants
it is not true? Which vegetable does absorb more and which does absorb less?
Does that absorption influence the photosynthesis?
2. Did how many accidents with nuclear usinas already happen, how many usinas is
now in operation and which is the relationship I cost-benefit.?
3. To avoid referring problems to low pressures, could not we use the idea of
pressurized airplanes?
4. Carlo Rubbia, Nobel of Physics of 84, created a different reactor. The
reactor produces energy WITHOUT POLLUTING THE ATMOSPHERE. it eliminates the
presence of radioactive residues in the production of nuclear energy he/she
calls himself `Fast Energy Amplifier `, and it uses as fuel TORIO, minério in
abundance in Brazil, capable to produce 3 million times more energy than the
coal. The reactor transforms the tório in uranium fissil (they don't ask me
what is that), and he/she doesn't leave residue any the cost it is practically
the same of the traditional usinas the technology it is recent, that it is not
spread. The researcher that it received the prize Nobel, he/she said that took 5
or 6 years for they be already using the tório usina for ends of the
community's use. Let us don't forget that the article is 3 years old and that
the mission is for 2030. Taking into account, based on the newspaper, that the
technology already exists, only lack to diffuse it, what do you find of that
type of source of energy? (Reference: Estadão - October of 1996)
5. It would be advisable, before the mission, the future inhabitants of Mars if
they isolate for a certain time and they already begin its coexistence in the
Earth.. What do you find?
6. Privacy: Legal the own inhabitants' idea to plan its rooms, but the one what
you find of doing the standardized rooms? After, it is clear, to see what each
inhabitant finds more important. Because unnecessary discords can happen for the
rooms they be different...
7. Should it have a difference in the rate of absorption of oxygen in the plants
it is not true? Which vegetable does absorb more and which does absorb less?
Does that absorption influence the photosynthesis?
8. I forgot who was that said that government's system to be applied in the
colony should not be capitalism, socialism or any other one existent in the
Earth. Do I agree, since we are creating " (don't I know if that is the
best word) a new society, why didn't try " to also create " a system
new or did we try to already improve the existent?
Explanations done by the students
- One of the main components of the Martian soil is the oxide of iron. If we
react this composed with with flúor we will have the formation of fluoride of
iron III and óxigênio (that is what needed). If we take earth for marte and to
plant vegetables that absorb little oxygen but they make plenty of
photosynthesis we will have a delta of oxygen that can be after all primordial
for the 100 people's life in Mars the percentage of oxygen there it is very low
(about 0,13%). If we get to generate plenty of energy we could dissociate the dióxido
of carbon that is abundant in the marte atmosphere in carbon grafite (that could
be worked and to result in diamond) and oxygen. (research source not mentioned
by the student)
- For the that you/they told me the problem it seems that is not alone in the
pressure but also in the gravity difference. Although the source is not of the
most reliable, my friend that said was and he is not like this so better than
we.
(research source wanders and doubtful)
Explanations done by the teachers
1. Teletransportes:
I find better to place here some information on Teletransporte.
In first place, the only reason for the which that idea was used in the seriate
Day in the Stars is that the costs of the special effects for they show a ship
descends in a planet they were very high, and mainly there was the problem of
this scene to be delayed (and annoying!) and it was necessary to find a way to
begin the story soon. Only that an apparel is like this totally inconsistent
with the technology shown for the century 23 (for 2030, then, nor to think!!)
and it also disturbed them story (they always had to be simply inventing excuses
fajutas for the characters if they don't transport for far away from the
encrencas in that entered).
The original definition was of an apparel that transformed matter in energy,
he/she sent this energy for another place and it transformed in matter again. It
is the famous " E=mc2 ". But we will give a number for " m
", for example 50kg. The apparel will transform our colôno magrinho in
45x10e18 Joules. Let us say that that would make the whole nuclear arsenal of
the earth to seem child's toy!!! It is equal to the impact of a meteor of 45
million tons traveling to 36 thousand km/h.
As we don't want to leave an enormous cratéra, we have to capture all this
energy and to take for the destiny place. There we have to transform that again
in the original object, what means that captured detailed information on as he
was.